Maphikidwe onse a chingamu opangidwa lero amagawana zosakaniza zazikuluzikulu zomwezo: maziko a chingamu, zotsekemera, makamaka shuga ndi madzi a chimanga, ndi zokometsera.Zina zimakhalanso ndi zofewa, monga glycerin (甘油) ndi mafuta a masamba.Kuchuluka kwa chilichonse chomwe chimawonjezeredwa kusakaniza kumasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa chingamu chomwe chikupangidwa.Mwachitsanzo, chingamu chimakhala ndi chingamu chochuluka, kotero kuti thovu lanu lisaphulika…makamaka m'kalasi!
Ngakhale opanga chingamu amasamala maphikidwe awo, onse amagawana njira yofananira kuti afikire chomaliza.Kukonzekera kwa chingamu pafakitale, patali kwambiri3step, kumafuna kuti zinthu zopangira chingamu zisungunuke mu sterilized4 mu chophika cha nthunzi, kenako ndikupopera ku centrifuge yamphamvu kwambiri (离心机) kuti muchotse chinyalala chosafunikira5dothi. ndi khungwa.
Ogwira ntchito kufakitale akatsuka chingamu chosungunuka, amaphatikiza pafupifupi 20% ya maziko ndi 63% shuga, 16% yamadzi a chimanga, ndi 1% yamafuta onunkhira, monga spearmint, peppermint6, ndi sinamoni.Kukakhala kutentha, amayendetsa kusakaniza pakati pa mapeya odzigudubuza, omwe amakutidwa ndi shuga wothira mbali zonse, kuti riboni ya chingamu isamamatire.Zodzigudubuza zomaliza zimabwera2 zokhala ndi mipeni, zomwe zimadula 7 riboni kukhala ndodo, zomwe makina enanso amakulunga.
Chingamu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maphikidwewa, nthawi zambiri, chimapangidwa chifukwa cha zovuta zachuma8.M'masiku akale, chiseyeye chonsecho chinkachokera ku madzi oyera a milky9, a mtengo wa sapodilla wopezeka ku Mexico ndi ku Guatemala.Kumeneko, anthu a m’derali amatola ng’ombeyo ndi chidebecho, n’kuiwiritsa, n’kuiumba kukhala midadada yolemera mapaundi 25, n’kuitumiza mwachindunji kumafakitale otafuna chingamu.Odziletsa pang’ono kapena osadziletsa, amatafuna chinkhupule chawo mwachindunji mumtengowo, monga momwe anachitira anthu okhala ku New England, ataona Amwenye akuchitanso chimodzimodzi.
Lingaliro la kutafuna chingamu lidakhazikika, ndipo likupitilizabe kugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pachuma chathu, makamaka chifukwa cha zabwino zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.Kugulitsa chingamu kunayamba kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800.Pambuyo pake, m'zaka za m'ma 1860, chicle idatumizidwa kunja monga cholowa m'malo mwa mphira, ndipo potsiriza, pafupifupi m'ma 1890, kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pokutafuna chingamu.
Chisangalalo chodziŵika10 chokwiyitsa11 mphunzitsi pouzira thovu m'kalasi, kapena kukwiyitsa wantchito mnzake pomudula, ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zokopa za kutafuna chingamu.Kutafuna chingamu kumathandizadi kuyeretsa mano, komanso kunyowetsa mkamwa, polimbikitsa kupanga12saliva13, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa14 zidulo zowola mano zomwe zimatsalira pambuyo podya chakudya chofufumitsa15.udzu E
Minofu ya chingamu imathandizanso kuletsa16 munthu kukhala ndi chilakolako chofuna kudya zokhwasula-khwasula kapena kusuta ndudu, kuika maganizo ake onse, kukhala tcheru, kuchepetsa kukangana, ndi kukhazika mtima pansi minyewa ndi minofu.Pazifukwa zomwezi, asilikaliwo anapatsa asilikaliwo chingamu pa nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse, nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, ku Korea ndi ku Vietnam.Masiku ano, kutafuna chingamu kumaphatikizidwabe m'magawo akumunda ndi kumenyana17.M'malo mwake, Kampani ya Wrigley, kutsatira zomwe dipatimenti ya Defense18specifications19 idaperekedwa kwa makontrakitala aboma20, idapereka chingamu kuti igawidwe kwa asitikali omwe ali ku Saudi Arabia pankhondo ya Persian Gulf21.N’zosakayikitsa kuti kutafuna chingamu kwathandiza kwambiri dziko lathu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-16-2022